TNM system

TNM staging system:

• T (Tumour) indicates the depth of the tumour invasion – the higher the number (between 1 and 4), the further the cancer has spread.
• N (Nodes) indicates whether the lymph nodes are affected – a number between 0 and 3 describes how much the cancer has spread to lymph nodes near the bladder.
• M (Metastasis) indicates whether the cancer has spread to other parts of the body – M1 means the cancer has spread to other organs or lymph nodes that are not near the bladder; M0 means there is no sign of the cancer spreading to other parts of the body.

This information is combined to describe the stage of the cancer from stage I to stage IV.